Osolac Oral Solution contains Lactulose 10gm per 15ml and is primarily indicated for the treatment of chronic constipation and hepatic encephalopathy. Lactulose is a synthetic disaccharide that is not absorbed in the small intestine but undergoes fermentation by colonic bacteria, resulting in the production of organic acids that lower colonic pH. This acidification promotes osmotic retention of water in the colon, thereby softening stools and facilitating bowel movements. Additionally, Lactulose reduces blood ammonia levels by converting ammonia to ammonium ions in the gut, which are less readily absorbed, making it effective in managing hepatic encephalopathy associated with liver dysfunction. Osolac Oral Solution is administered orally, with dosage individualized based on clinical response and patient condition. Common side effects may include flatulence, abdominal discomfort, and diarrhea, typically resolving with continued use or dose adjustment. It is contraindicated in patients with galactosemia and should be used cautiously in individuals with diabetes mellitus due to its carbohydrate content. Regular monitoring of electrolyte balance and hydration status is advised during prolonged therapy. Osolac Oral Solution offers a well-established, safe, and effective option for managing constipation and hepatic encephalopathy under medical supervision.