Heptulose Oral Solution Sugar Free contains lactulose (3.335 gm per 5 ml) as its active ingredient, a synthetic disaccharide used primarily as a laxative and in the management of hepatic encephalopathy. Lactulose is not absorbed in the small intestine and reaches the colon where it is metabolized by colonic bacteria into low molecular weight organic acids, resulting in acidification of the colonic contents. This acidification promotes osmotic retention of water, leading to increased stool volume and frequency, thereby facilitating bowel movements. Additionally, lactulose reduces blood ammonia levels by converting ammonia (NH3) to ammonium (NH4+), which is less readily absorbed, making it effective in the treatment and prevention of hepatic encephalopathy associated with chronic liver disease. Heptulose Oral Solution Sugar Free is suitable for patients requiring a non-sugar formulation, including those with diabetes mellitus. The solution is administered orally, with dosage individualized based on clinical response and indication. Common adverse effects may include flatulence, abdominal discomfort, and diarrhea, which are generally mild and transient. Use is contraindicated in patients with galactosemia or hypersensitivity to lactulose. Heptulose Oral Solution Sugar Free should be used under medical supervision, particularly in patients with electrolyte imbalances or severe dehydration.