Heptulac Fiber Oral Solution contains lactulose at a concentration of 2.5 gm per 5 ml and is indicated primarily for the treatment of constipation and hepatic encephalopathy. Lactulose is a synthetic disaccharide that is not absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, exerting its therapeutic effect by metabolizing in the colon into low molecular weight organic acids, which acidify the colon contents. This acidification promotes osmotic retention of water, thereby softening stools and facilitating bowel movements. Additionally, in hepatic encephalopathy, lactulose reduces blood ammonia levels by converting ammonia to ammonium ions in the colon, which are less readily absorbed, thus decreasing systemic toxicity. Heptulac Fiber Oral Solution is administered orally, with dosage tailored according to the severity of the condition and patient response. It is generally well tolerated, although some patients may experience gastrointestinal side effects such as bloating, flatulence, or abdominal discomfort. Caution is advised in patients with galactosemia or those requiring electrolyte monitoring due to potential disturbances. This formulation is suitable for both adult and pediatric use under medical supervision. Regular monitoring and adherence to prescribed dosing are essential for optimal therapeutic outcomes.